The pancreas produces pancreatic juice, rich in enzymes, to break down and then digest food.If the pancreatic ducts are blocked, the enzymes produced are delayed and begin to break down the organ itself, leading to inflammation and pancreatitis.In the modern world, pancreatitis is a common disease.A person who leads an unhealthy lifestyle is more prone to the disease than others: smoking, alcohol abuse and eating junk food.The causes of the disease vary:
- Drinking alcohol.
- Poor nutrition, overeating.
- Abdominal injuries.
- Infectious diseases of the digestive system.
- Cholelithiasis.
- Parasites.
- Taking certain medications and allergic reactions.
- Complication after surgery (about 5%).
It is necessary to eliminate the factors that influence the development of the disease.In special cases, when pancreatitis is a consequence of injury or another disease, for example, gallstones, treatment is possible.
Basic diet for pancreatitis
Unfortunately, it is often impossible to cure completely, but there are possible chances to stop the destruction of the pancreas and try to reduce recurrences.Diet for pancreatitis of the pancreas is of great importance.The acute condition is relieved by drugs.Dietary nutrition remains the main thing.
The basic principle of the diet for pancreatitis is not to burden the pancreas.Try to reduce enzyme production.Food should be easily digestible without causing fermentation.You should eat often, in small portions.A smaller portion means a smaller load on the diseased organ.During an outbreak, frequent separate meals are ruled out.The less and less frequently one eats, the better.Meal breaks are up to 12 hours.For pancreatitis, foods with a warm, soft texture are welcome.
It is important for a patient with pancreatitis to study in detail what should not be eaten categorically, what foods should be avoided during pancreatitis and what foods are allowed to be eaten.
Authorized Products
- Dried bread or crackers.
- Dietary meat: lean beef, rabbit, white part of chicken and turkey.
- Dairy products: milk, cottage cheese and yogurt.It is necessary to monitor the fat content of the product.Cottage cheese no more than 2%, preferably low-fat.It is recommended to exclude baked fermented milk, sour cream and cream.
- Lean fish.Preferably cod.
- Cereal and any pasta.
- Vegetables that do not cause strong gas formation.Carrots, potatoes, beets, pumpkin, zucchini.
- Fruits: exclusively green apples, pears, bananas, avocados, persimmons.It is recommended to bake fruits.
- Weak teas, dried fruit or berry compotes.
Prohibited Products
- Alcohol.Even drinks with a low alcohol content should be completely excluded during the diet!
- Chocolate, sugar, desserts, cakes, pastries, pastries and other products that contain a lot of sugar.
- Pork and red fish.
- Condiments, spices, salt, smoked meats.
- Fermentable vegetables: white cabbage, radishes, onions, garlic, spinach, radish.
- Fruits: grapes, red apples, citrus fruits, peaches, plums.
- Coffee, strong black or green tea, cocoa, carbonated drinks, packaged juices.
- Cereals and porridges: millet, pearl barley, corn.
- Legumes, mushrooms, nuts.
During the period of recession small relaxations are allowed.For example, it is acceptable to drink weak coffee with milk.For dressing, use low-fat sour cream, olive oil or linseed oil.
Soups that stimulate gastric secretion are not recommended for pancreatitis.However, apart from flare-ups, the consumption of soups with vegetable broth is allowed.A spoonful of honey for dessert doesn't hurt.
Despite the meager variety of foods for pancreatitis, a well-planned menu makes the diet varied.
Pancreatitis type and diet
Pancreatitis is classified according to the nature of the disease:
- Acute pancreatitis.
- Chronic pancreatitis.
Depending on the type, appropriate treatment and diet is prescribed, which is developed by the doctor.
Acute pancreatitis is treated in a hospital setting.This is a serious condition and can be fatal without immediate medical attention.In addition to the surgery performed, in case of acute pancreatitis the following conditions must be observed:
- Bed rest.
- Suppression of pancreatic function.
- Pharmaceutical treatment.
- Starvation diet.
During the exacerbation of pancreatitis, fasting is indicated.The fasting diet can last up to three days.A person should drink 1.5-2 liters of liquid - mineral water will do, the gas should be released, weak black or green tea or rosehip infusion, only pure water.If the patient's condition is serious, then the fast is extended to seven days, nutrients are provided intravenously.
The diet for acute pancreatitis immediately after fasting should be mild.Oatmeal, slimy soups and boiled rice are allowed.The rule of thumb during a flare is that food is introduced gradually.In the first days, the food is low in calories, slimy and does not irritate the gastrointestinal tract.Volume and calorie content increase as recovery progresses.
After the acute phase, the disease becomes chronic.Chronic pancreatitis is characterized by low-grade inflammation and periodic pain.Attacks are triggered by alcohol consumption and offending foods.
To prevent frequent relapses and reduce pain, the diet for pancreatitis of the pancreas should be continued for life.The diet must contain proteins of plant and animal origin.But the amount of fat is reduced to the limit.Handle carbs with care.The diet for chronic pancreatitis is carefully developed so that, despite the meager permitted list of foods, the patient receives the necessary nutrients.In addition, vitamins may be prescribed.
Therapeutic diet for pancreatitis
How to eat properly during pancreatitis so as not to damage the pancreas?
Soviet doctors also developed a special therapeutic diet for patients with pancreatitis.It's called the Pevzner No. diet.5. And although diet therapy has changed over the years, the therapeutic diet for pancreatitis is still based on diet No.5. In case of an exacerbation, the Pevzner No. diet is prescribed.5 p.
The diet for chronic pancreatitis is quite varied.Diet No. 5 allows milk sausages and doctor's sausage.Although, given modern realities, it is better to refuse sausages.If you want, try making your own sausages.First, before diet food becomes a habit, it is best to create a menu for the week and buy the necessary products according to the list.You should avoid unnecessary trips to the store, anticipating the possibility of buying a prohibited product.
Weekly menu for pancreatitis
First day:
- Breakfast: Finely grated oatmeal, boil until thick.Weak green tea.
- Snack: Yogurt.
- Lunch: Mashed potatoes with steamed turkey cutlets, berry compote.
- Snack: Baked green apple.
- Dinner: Pumpkin porridge with semolina, weak black tea.
- Before bed: Low-fat cottage cheese.
Second day:
- Breakfast: Steamed or baked omelette, rosehip tea.
- Snack: Boiled carrots with a minimum amount of oil.
- Lunch: Vegetable puree soup.Crackers.Add a spoonful of vegetable oil.Dried fruit compote.
- Snack: Sandwich with cheese, weak green tea.
- Dinner: Boiled cauliflower, steamed fish fillet.Pour over 10% sour cream.
- Before bed: Yogurt.
Third day:
- Breakfast: Rice porridge with milk, boiled rice, milk diluted with water.Weak black tea.
- Snack: Casserole with cottage cheese, prepared with semolina.Add a spoonful of honey.
- Lunch: Pasta and steamed meatballs from lean beef.Dried fruit compote.
- Snack: Baked pear.
- Dinner: Buckwheat milk soup.Green tea.
- Before bed: Yogurt.
Fourth day:
- Breakfast: Oatmeal, black tea.
- Snack: Boiled or baked beets.
- Lunch: vegetable stew with steamed chicken fillet, roses.
- Snack: low-fat bread, jelly.
- Dinner: Noodle soup with milk.
- Before bed: Kefir.
Thursday day:
- Breakfast: Steamed omelette, black tea.It is convenient to cook an omelet in a bag.Pour the raw mixture into a food bag, tie it tightly and place it in boiling water.The omelette will cook much faster than steam, without losing its properties.
- Snack: Yogurt.
- Lunch: Vegetable soup with meatballs (the meatballs are prepared separately), compote.
- Snack: Sandwich with butter and avocado, rose.
- Dinner: Buckwheat with steamed cutlets, jelly.
- Before bed: low-fat cottage cheese.
Sixth day:
- Breakfast: Semolina porridge cooked in water, weak coffee with milk.
- Snack: green apple fruit jelly.
- Lunch: Pumpkin puree soup, you can add a little milk, compote.
- Snack: Yogurt.
- Dinner: Rice with turkey or chicken fillet, roses.
- Before bed: Fruit jelly.
Seventh day:
- Breakfast: Buckwheat milk soup.Milk preferably diluted.
- Snack: banana.
- Lunch: Noodles, steamed rabbit cutlets, compote.
- Snack: Casserole with cottage cheese, a spoonful of honey.
- Dinner: Steamed vegetables, tea.
- Before bed: Yogurt.
An approximate menu for chronic pancreatitis is described.it is possible to vary the list of allowed products.The main thing is to comply with the conditions:
- It is recommended to eat foods from the area where you live.Exotic fruits and vegetables are not good for you.are taken to the stores green.
- Compotes are prepared from dried fruits with the addition of berries: lingonberries, blueberries, black currants.You are not allowed to drink fruit juice too often.Remember - the concentration of the drink is higher than the compote and can irritate the mucous membranes.
- Heat-treated products must be boiled or steamed.Vegetables and fruits are eaten exclusively in cooked form.
- Products for pancreatitis should be fresh and of high quality.The body of a healthy person is able to cope with a week's worth of sour cottage cheese or soup.Such a diet during inflammation of the pancreas will cause an exacerbation of the disease.
Weekly menu for pancreatitis after an exacerbation
After an exacerbation, it is necessary to carefully introduce food, starting with a small amount of calories, gradually increasing to normal.The food in the first week is poor.After eating, you need to monitor your condition.if it worsens, be sure to consult a doctor.
On the first day after fasting:
- Dried bread and jelly.
- Continue to drink plenty of fluids.
Second day:
- Glutinous rice soup.
- Dried bread or crackers.
- Weak black tea, rosehip infusion, jelly.
- Continue to drink plenty of fluids.
Third day:
- Breakfast: Oatmeal, thin, slimy, cooked in water.
- Lunch: Liquid mashed potatoes.
- Dinner: Nuts.Weak black tea or rose tea.
Fourth day:
- Breakfast: Semolina porridge in water.
- Lunch: Liquid mashed potatoes.
- Dinner: Cookies.Kissel.
Thursday day:
- Breakfast: Buckwheat milk soup.
- Lunch: Vegetable purees of potatoes and carrots.
- Dinner: Cookies.Compote.
Sixth day:
- Breakfast: Protein omelette.
- Lunch: Glutinous rice soup.
- Dinner: Pumpkin and zucchini vegetable puree.Black tea.
Seventh day:
- Breakfast: Oatmeal cooked with diluted milk.
- Lunch: vegetable stew, steamed turkey meatballs.
- Dinner: Low-fat cottage cheese.Green tea.
- Before bed: Oatmeal jelly.
- Gradually, in 10-14 days, there is a return to the basic diet.
Consequences of not following the diet
If a person ignores his condition and does not follow the correct diet during pancreatitis, such behavior is fraught with constant exacerbations.Chronic relapsing pancreatitis is a dangerous condition of the pancreas.The constantly evolving disease increases the area of cell damage, leads to complete atrophy of the organ and the development of accompanying diseases - cholecystitis, peptic ulcer, threatening diabetes and pancreatic cancer.
The diet of patients with pancreatitis is the basis for a long, quality life.